Amino Acids
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Amino acids – L-carnitine in 200, 400 and 600 mg/ml solutions, plus the Endopump and Endosleep formulas
Strictly speaking, L-carnitine is not one of the protein-building amino acids. The body makes it from two amino acids, lysine and methionine, mainly in the liver and kidneys, and most of its stores are held in skeletal muscle. It belongs in the amino acids category because it is made from amino acids and acts as a carrier in fat metabolism.
The category brings together three product lines: L-carnitine solutions at 200, 400 and 600 mg/ml, the Endopump formula with five amino acids, and the Endosleep formula, which combines amino acids with melatonin. This description focuses on the biochemistry of these compounds, their legal status and their safety.
L-carnitine – the fatty acid carrier
Long-chain fatty acids cannot cross the inner mitochondrial membrane on their own. L-carnitine binds them as acylcarnitines, and the CPT1 and CPT2 enzyme system, together with a translocase, carries them into the mitochondrion, where they undergo β-oxidation. In a healthy person, the body’s own synthesis plus carnitine from the diet, mainly from red meat, covers requirements. Deficiencies result mainly from genetic disorders of carnitine transport or accompany other conditions, including liver and kidney disease (Flanagan et al., 2010).
In clinical practice, levocarnitine is the active substance of several medicines, including an injectable form (e.g. Carnitor® in the USA). The label of this medicine provides for intravenous administration only, in inborn errors of metabolism with secondary carnitine deficiency and in carnitine deficiency in patients on dialysis. The solutions in the shop are neither this medicine nor a substitute for it.
L-carnitine solutions in the amino acids category
The solutions differ in concentration: L-Carnitine 200mg, L-Carnitine 400mg and L-Carnitine 600mg contain 200, 400 and 600 mg of L-carnitine per millilitre respectively, in a 10 ml vial. Each variant is also available as a 3+1 set, e.g. the 3x L-Carnitine 600mg set. Batch composition and purity are given on the product page.
L-carnitine and health claims
L-carnitine is one of the most studied ingredients in sports nutrition, yet no health claim for it has made it onto the EU register. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) issued negative opinions on, among others, applications concerning faster recovery after exercise and increased endurance, and the register contains no claims about fat burning or body weight either. This description is therefore limited to the biochemistry of L-carnitine and its status.
Endopump and Endosleep – amino acid formulas
Endopump combines five amino acids: L-arginine, L-ornithine, L-citrulline, L-lysine and glycine, totalling 225 mg per millilitre of solution. Arginine is the substrate of nitric oxide synthase and citrulline a product of that reaction, which the kidneys and other tissues convert back into arginine; ornithine and citrulline are also intermediates of the urea cycle. The product page describes Endopump as a solution for intramuscular injection intended for adults (21+).
Endosleep combines melatonin with GABA, L-glutamine and L-arginine. Melatonin is a pineal hormone that signals night-time to the body. GABA is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, although little of it crosses from the blood into the brain. The form, amounts of ingredients per serving and legal status of the product are given on its product page.
Frequently asked questions (FAQ)
Is L-carnitine an amino acid?
Not in the strict sense. It is a compound synthesised in the body from lysine and methionine, and it is not incorporated into proteins. It is classed as an amino acid derivative and is discussed alongside amino acids in sports nutrition.
Is L-carnitine in solution a dietary supplement?
No. A dietary supplement is taken orally, and a solution intended for injection does not meet that definition. L-carnitine can be an ingredient of dietary supplements only in oral forms, e.g. capsules or a drinkable liquid.
Does L-carnitine have authorised health claims?
No. The EU register of health claims contains no claim for L-carnitine, including none on fat burning, endurance or recovery.
Is L-carnitine permitted in sport?
The substance itself is: it does not belong to any class on the 2026 WADA Prohibited List. However, intravenous infusions and injections totalling more than 100 ml within 12 hours are prohibited, except in situations exempted by the List, whatever the solution contains.